Shot peening is a vital process for enhancing the toughness of metal surfaces. A shot peening machine utilizes high-velocity particles to bombard the workpiece's surface. This process creates a series of residual tensions within the metal, which remarkably improve its resistance to fatigue. The resu

Material fatigue fracture is a pervasive challenge in numerous engineering applications. To combat this issue, researchers are actively exploring innovative material designs that can significantly extend the fatigue life of components. These advancements often involve leveraging novel materials with